Pathological changes in the structure of venous vessels cause varicose veins, as a result of which its permeability, elasticity and walls of the walls and the formation of specific nodes are produced.
Several types of varicose veins are distinguished:
- lower limbs;
- straight;
- seed cord;
- Small pelvis.
In everyday life, the expression "varicose" was firmly established, but in official medicine there is no such thing and diagnosis, since we are talking about varicose veins.
Symptoms and signs
The disease that spreads to the lower extremities is accompanied by symptoms:
- the formation of varicose veins, which are emitted on the surface of the skin, which represent nodal stamps;
- Swelling in the legs, accompanied by a feeling of gravity, which is concentrated in the area of the ankles. It often becomes a consequence of a long load during the day and manifests at night;
- Periodic pain appears on the legs;
- From time to time, convulsions in the calf muscles and the feeling of running chicken skin are usually worried at night;
- The late stage is distinguished by pronounced trophic disorders of the skin of the lower third of the lower leg: pigmentation, seal, dermatitis and as an extreme manifestation: a trophic ulcer.
The consequence of the development of the varicose veins of the rectum is the appearance of hemorrhoids. It is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Itching, burning, discomfort in the anus, especially intensified after drinking alcohol, taking a bath or physical activity;
- bleeding in the posterior stages of various degrees of intensity;
- Inflammation and loss of hemorrhoids.
Stages
The development of varicose veins of the lower extremities passes three stages.
Important! In the early manifestations of the varicose veins, the role of medical and preventive measures is important, during its implementation, the possibility of preventing the additional development of the disease increases significantly.
Varicosis at the early stage of the manifestation is evidenced by the sensation of gravity, swelling, pain in the legs. During this period, it is necessary to start immediately preventive measures: a massage course, swimming, the use of special legs, since all this is effective to avoid the development of varicose veins at the beginning.
- Stage I. The appearance of severity in the legs, its edema, characteristic pain pain, the formation of vascular stars, knotted veins, which are visible through the skin. Leg cramps and burning in the IKR and stop area can be added to this.
- Stage II. A significant increase in the size and number of nodes and stars, which become more notable. The swelling of the legs is more pronounced. Strengthen pain syndrome.
- Stage II. Change the structure of the skin surface: the appearance of dryness, age formations. A significant increase in venous nodes, the thinning of the walls of the blood vessels, which increases the risk of bleeding even with light injuries.
Complications (consequences) of varicose veins
Varicosa disease can lead to serious complications. In the last stage of the development of varicose veins, the extreme thinning of the vessel walls is observed, in this regard, the risk of trophic ulcers, opens poorly healing wounds in the vessels that occur even with a minor trauma.
The result of the rupture of the varicose node is the development of thrombophlebitis. During the appearance, that thrombosis formation occurs with the inflammation of the vein wall and a blood clot forms, which covers its light.
With the development of acute thrombophlebitis, severe pains appear in the area of thrombited veins, and body temperature, accompanied by chills, increases. With thrombophlebitis of superficial veins, the painful seals with redness of the skin along the veins are characteristics. Thrombophlebitis of the deep veins is accompanied by extremities edema due to a strong violation of the venous output flow.
Varicose veins in women
Many women face varicose veins. This is due to the predisposition of women to the disease due to the characteristics of the female hormonal system. In addition, pregnancy and childbirth in most cases become the causes of varicose veins, since there is an effect of increased load and increased blood flow to pelvic organs. In addition to the varicose veins of the lower extremities in women, the varicose veins in the perineum, which affect the external genitals, often develops, which is a consequence of the congenital or acquired weakness of the insufficiency of the vascular wall and the valve. The effect of the external (prolonged static stress, significant physical activity) or internal factors (excess body weight, pelvic organ disease chronic) leads to the formation of varicose veins.
Important! The question of the influence of oral contraceptives and hormonal replacement therapy remains open.
The development of varicose veins during pregnancy
The load of each subsequent pregnancy drastically increases the possibilities of developing venous insufficiency in women and the formation of varicose veins. This is due to hormonal changes in the body of a woman and a significant increase in loading in the veins. The main task of a woman during this period is the observance of preventive measures to avoid the development of varicose veins. If there is a predisposition and there are signs of the initial development of the varicose veins, the consultation and observation of a flashing are necessary throughout the pregnancy. Preventive measures should be complemented by the use of compression linen, in some cases it must be dressed for the delivery period. For this, there are special models available.
Varicose veins in men
The varicose disease is often found in men in the form of a varicocele - varicose veins of the seed cord. Symptoms of the disease:
- pain in the testicle and a feeling of heaviness, a scrotum, along the seed cord, which intensifies with physical effort and prolonged position;
- During the palpation of the scrotum, the veins of the crowd of the seed cord are determined.
Varicocele development causes male infertility due to circulatory disorders and concomitant pathological changes in the normal functioning of the testicles:
- There is an increase in temperature in the testicle to body temperature. High temperature affects spermatogenesis;
- Hypoxia (oxygen star, ischemia) of the testicle;
- The accumulation of free radicals in Ovice tissues that violate their activity.
The treatment of varicose veins in men consists of a surgical operation in the presence of indications: pain in the testicle, infertility, aesthetic defect in the scrotum, the lack of growth of the affected testicle during puberty. However, the disease can occur asymptomatic and not cause significant discomfort to a man. In adolescents and children, as varicocele, surgery is necessary at any stage of the disease, this prevents greater infertility development. The operations are carried out both in the usual and endoscopic open way. It is possible to perform a surgical intervention from mini access and micro -surgical testicle of the testicle.
Pelvis varicosis
Varicose veins can occur in the pelvis. In this way, it is found in most cases in women, which is associated with the characteristics of the blood supply to the female body. The expansion of the veins causes a sense of pain and gravity in the pelvis, which can be caused by venous stagnation.
The development of the varicose veins of the small pelvis occurs for several reasons:
- pregnancy and childbirth;
- change in the form of the uterus;
- lift and use weights;
- hereditary predisposition;
- lack of physical activity;
- Sedentary work;
- Reception of oral contraceptives.
If there are risk factors and symptoms of the disease, it must be experiencing an exam. In the early stages, you can identify the varicose veins of the small pelvis with ultrasonic diagnosis. Preliminary diagnosis is also possible for a gynecological examination during the standard procedure. The treatment of the disease includes taking venotonic drugs, using special compression linen and the implementation of medical and preventive gymnastics. It is also necessary to exclude risk factors and regularly observed in a gynecologist. With the inefficiency of conservative treatment methods, surgical intervention is indicated.
Treatment of varicose veins
Therapeutic measures for varicose veins consist of conservative drug treatment methods and later stages: surgical intervention. In the early stages and in the first signs of varicose veins, enotonia intake is recommended. As preventive measures, elastic bandage, use of compression point garments and restriction of physical activity at all stages of the disease.
In the posterior stages, it is prescribed to take drugs and ointments of the varicose veins:
- Improvement of blood microcirculation;
- increase in venous blood circulation;
- contributing to the discharge of central veins.
The posterior stages show phlebectomy, surgical elimination of pathologically altered veins, as well as sclerotherapy, the administration of special medications that sclerosis damaged the veins, thus avoiding its participation in the venous output.
It should be noted that we have already written in detail about which compression linen, but at this time only the surgical method of treatment has been established as the most effective.
Home treatment
Special gels and ointments can relieve leg pain caused by varicose veins. It is unlikely that they get rid of the varicose veins, given the local effect and weak penetration through the skin, but will relieve the symptoms of the disease and relieve the condition. Among the means for external use, groups can be distinguished:
- Phlebotonics;
- scorching;
- Anti -inflammatory.
Popular remedies
Recipes for traditional varicose veins are also used to relieve symptoms and as a general strengthening.
Green tomatoes
With the appearance of pain in the region of the vein, compressing green tomatoes help well. To do this, it is enough to take the fetus, cut into slices and go to bed in the area damaged at night, having previously fixed with a bandage. Green tomatoes contain an antioxidant - lycopine. Due to its effects, not only pain is eliminated, but also improves blood circulation, and stagnation phenomena are reduced. With regular use, cones formed with varicose veins become less painful and can decrease in volume. You can use ordinary tomatoes in the form of tomato paste for compresses, since it has the highest concentration of lycopene.
Vegetable juices
It is necessary to complement anti -varicosa therapy with general strengthening agents. As a source of nutrients, newly squeezed vegetable juices should be consumed daily. Fresh carrot and fresh spinning. To strengthen blood vessels, carrot juice is useful, which contains a high routine concentration, a trace element that helps strengthen blood vessels. The composition of the juice of spinach leaves is rich in oxalic acid content. It carries a cleaning function in relation to the vessels and avoids the formation of blood clots.
Important! The celery is involved in the acceleration of the decomposition process of fat deposits, eliminating the products of this decomposition and excess of body fluid.
- For juice preparation, you must take 10 small carrots, 5 celery stems and 5 spinach.
- Omits a polishing, you can add some clean drinking water.
FreeSh of carrot-location. Beet juice helps improve blood circulation and blood formation processes, as it stimulates the synthesis of red blood cells, increases the level of hemoglobin and is the prevention of anemia. Prepare in a proportion of 10: 3: 3.
Disease prevention
To reduce the risk of varicose veins, it is necessary:
- Moderate physical activity, a visit to the pool is especially useful. Swimming has a massage effect, which has a beneficial effect on blood vessels without excess load;
- Strengthen the walls of blood vessels with a contrast shower. Complete hygiene procedures with a contrasting leg for the legs. To do this, water the legs for 10 minutes, alternating cold and thermal water;
- Change the diet: a decrease in oily foods, the inclusion in the diet of routine foods;
- Use compression linen, especially with a greater physical effort on your legs;
- Reception of mineral complex vitamins, contributing to increase immunity, strengthen the walls of the vessel and reduce the risk of thrombosis.
Ceremonies
The prevention and treatment of varicose veins also consist of performing therapeutic and preventive gymnastics exercises aimed at improving blood circulation and getting rid of the signs of blood stagnation. These exercises are useful to perform regularly daily. You must start classes with the preliminary preliminary preparation of the legs: for this you must lie on your back by placing your legs in the roller or the back of the couch. There are 10-15 minutes in this position.
In addition, stay in the position of bedtime, proceed to perform exercises:
- Bicycle: folding the legs on the knees to imitate the pedals;
- The flexion of the extension of the feet in the articulation of the ankle: the legs extend, alternately to produce flexion and extensor movements;
- Then he works in the same way with the fingers;
- He raises his legs at angle and turning on his feet and out;
- In the liar position, perform the scissors exercise: crossing the legs alternately;
- Standing walking instead, without starting socks;
- Staying in standing position, we increase in the socks: in the inspiration the upper part, in the exhalation we go down.
The varicose veins are developed for a long time, so when the first signs appear, there is the opportunity to suspend their course. But the only method, the complete elimination of varicose veins, remains the surgical elimination of the veins. Be healthy!